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Top of the page. Topic Overview What is a pneumothorax? What causes a pneumothorax? What are the symptoms? Symptoms may include: Shortness of breath dyspnea , which may be mild to severe, depending on how much of the lung is collapsed. Sudden, severe, and sharp chest pain on the same side as the collapsed lung. How is a pneumothorax diagnosed? How is it treated? Surgery may be needed if the original treatment does not work or if the pneumothorax returns.
You need to take the full course of antibiotics. If you have a bandage over your chest tube, or the place where the chest tube was inserted, keep it clean and dry. Follow your doctor's instructions on bandage care. If you go home with a tube in place, follow the doctor's directions. Do not adjust the tube in any way. This could break the seal or cause other problems.
Keep the tube dry. Avoid any movements that require your muscles, especially your chest muscles, to strain. Such movements include laughing hard, bearing down to have a bowel movement, and heavy lifting. Try not to cough. Do not fly in an airplane until your doctor tells you it is okay.
Avoid any situations where there is increased air pressure. Do not smoke or allow others to smoke around you. If you need help quitting, talk to your doctor about stop-smoking programs and medicines. These can increase your chances of quitting for good.
For example, call if: You have severe trouble breathing. You passed out lost consciousness. Call your doctor or nurse call line now or seek immediate medical care if: You have new or worse trouble breathing. Severity of symptoms may depend on how much of the lung is collapsed. Symptoms of a pneumothorax can be caused by a variety of health problems, and some can be life-threatening, so seek medical attention. If your chest pain is severe or breathing becomes increasingly difficult, get immediate emergency care.
In general, men are far more likely to have a pneumothorax than women are. The type of pneumothorax caused by ruptured air blisters is most likely to occur in people between 20 and 40 years old, especially if the person is very tall and underweight.
Underlying lung disease or mechanical ventilation can be a cause or a risk factor for a pneumothorax. Other risk factors include:. Potential complications vary, depending on the size and severity of the pneumothorax as well as the cause and treatment.
Sometimes air may continue to leak if the opening in the lung won't close or pneumothorax may recur. Pneumothorax care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Collapsed and normal lung Open pop-up dialog box Close. Belly or abdominal breathing offers a number of benefits for health and well-being.
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Symptoms of pneumothorax. Causes and types of pneumothorax. Risk factors for pneumothorax. Pneumothorax complications. Treatment of pneumothorax. Diagnosing pneumothorax. Pneumothorax outlook. Read this next. Punctured Lung. Chest Tube Insertion Thoracostomy Learn about chest tube insertion, why it's done, how to prepare for it, and what to expect during the procedure. Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph. What Are the Stages of Emphysema?
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