Access to healthcare is a very big factor. Especially for older people, who are more prone to illness than young people, being able to see the doctor is very important. This means being able to afford the doctor's visit and being able to actually get to the doctor's office. This is sometimes tempered by higher prevalence of obesity in wealthier countries.
Another big factor in determining lifespan is family. Or community. Regular contact with loved ones is a huge plus in extending people's lives. If someone falls or has a health crisis, they're more likely to be found in time if they have people around them. And, perhaps a bit more sweetly, people just tend to have better health if they're socializing with people. Why this is true is up for debate, but lots of studies support the basic idea.
One study from Johns Hopkins even argues that younger people who assist older people also see some health benefits. And, in what might be the biggest placebo effect of them all, having a sense of purpose is a big plus. Having some goals and responsibilities drives a lot of people to live years longer than people who feel lost or unimportant. This might be a career goal or a hobby, or even taking care of a pet. The big thing is that, in countries with high life expectancy, their old people are more likely to feel engaged.
This can be a cultural difference, or it can be geographical; old people are more likely to do things if they can physically get around.
One thing that you'll see on this list is that women almost universally have higher life expectancies than men. According to the World Health Organization , there are a couple reasons for this, cultural and biological. Biologically, women are less prone to certain cancers and heart diseases that cause a lot of deaths. And, newborn girls are more likely to reach their first birthday.
There are also some biological factors that just haven't been properly explained or identified. This isn't to say that women don't have their own medical problems, especially being misdiagnosed because of medical bias. But, these problems are less likely to be fatal. Culturally, women are less prone to risky behaviors and are less likely to die in a violent conflict per capita. This includes all kinds of behavior, from smoking to drinking, and from picking fights to showing off via dangerous stunts.
This might be why marriage has a positive effect on men's life expectancy, but no effect on women's; married men are less likely to do risky things than unmarried ones, while women are already less at risk regardless if they're married. In a lot of developed countries this gap is actually shrinking. This might be because we're getting better at treating heart disease.
Or, it might be because the push for gender equality has made it more acceptable for women to partake in risky behaviors like drinking. Or it might be both. We've given you some of the highlights in the sidebar, but here are the full rankings from the UN Human Development Report for Of the top 10 countries for highest life expectancy, four were in Europe and four were in Asia.
Israel was the only Middle Eastern country in the top 20; the next closest regional country was Lebanon at rank The highest ranking country in North America is Canada, at rank It's important to note that the life expectancy in Europe varies greatly between Western Europe and Eastern Europe; Estonia, which has a high expectancy for Eastern Europe, would rank quite low in Western Europe.
The life expectancy in these countries is low due to poor access to healthcare, especially for children and mothers, and to some ongoing armed conflicts.
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What is the longest country in the world? Length of Chile compared to the USA. How long is Chile? That depends on which source you reference:. How long is Brazil? Wikipedia: 2, miles 4, km Encyclopedia Britannica: 1, to 2, miles 2, to 4, km The Embassy of the Russian Federation to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: miles to miles - km Is Chile the longest country in the world? Non-Mercator Projection Map. Is Chile the narrowest country in the world?
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